This blog is to build awareness about mental health. As author of this blog, I have thought it would be good to support an organisation such as the Hank Nunn Institute run by Anando Chatterjee. However, any view expressed here is completely my own and should not be taken as being expressed by the Hank Nunn Institute.
When I first came to Karnataka as a kid in her late teens, I had
lived in a place where people were ashamed to be seen throwing their own
dustbins but would pay little servant children one rupee to throw the
dustbin into the main dump for them. Little girls were brutally molested
at the age of four on buses with their mums standing right next to
them, unaware a grown man was torturing their child.
My
prettier classmates were so traumatised by molestation on buses, that
they would avoid taking the particular number of the bus for the rest of
their lives. I saw naked or semi-naked teenagers walking dazed and
abandoned on the way to school, having lost their minds after being
raped by perverts who took their clothes away so that the kids would
keep suffering even after being raped as they would have to walk around
naked. At school, teachers having an eye on little class 9 girls and
sometimes marrying them as soon as they came of age did happen, but
should such paedophile behavior be tolerated even if it ends in
marriage?
Because my dad was dead, the uncle who was an
uncle to all other kids, and had a son my age, deliberately rolled his
tongue and bent his head to show me he was staring at my body, even in
front of his wife. I hated life and wanted to die ever since I was four.
I hated men. I continually fantasized of torturing my molesters to
death as a means of escaping from the pain. I was not alive, nothing
seemed real.
I then came to Karnataka. The first time
in my life, I saw how nice and trustworthy Kannadiga men were, how kind.
They treated me like a child, and were so fatherly. Far from molesting
little girls, they were more interested in going to work, cleaning their
houses in the morning, taking their wives out for a treat at the hotel
so that they would not have to cook. These men made me realize that my
attitude towards men was generalized and unfair, and gave me the gift of
learning to think of men as good human beings who could be some of the
most decent friends I have ever had.
I learnt to smile
after many years, to want to live. I started making friends, even male
friends, I stopped shivering when I saw a man. I learnt to accept love
and friendship. Among South Indian men, even poor laborers were much
more unperverted and kind-hearted than professors in the sadistic place
I'd left. One day, when I was new to Bangalore, a lorry driver started
putting his hand behind my neck on the back of the seat, and flicking
his fingers. A poor Tamil laborer sitting behind me gave him such a
glare that he got scared and moved away. Where I came from, if a man saw
a child being molested, he would join in. That is why, Karnataka is a
place I love.
Little do people know what exactly
happens when a kid is located in an unsafe part of India. I see
Indibloggers theorizing that women are bad and torture men in offices,
that fears are exaggerated, and I wonder how much of life such armchair
social scientists have seen. Let them take their four year old daughter
to such a place and when she comes and tells them in their baby language
how and where they have been touched, such armchair scientists will
puke out their theories with the vomit they feel like making.
I'm
grateful that people in Karnataka protect and love children for the
major part, and such incidents are less here. If it hadn't been for my
coming here, I would not be alive today. This is the only place I've
felt safe in, and healed to become someone who loves people. Today, I've
left my fears behind, but I still wish people at least try to
understand how unsafe female children can be and have some sympathy for
them instead of getting defensive and passing generalisations about
female bosses being worse than male bosses or females misusing the law,
both of which, even if true have NOTHING to do with child abuse, and
therefore do nothing to refute the existence of child abuse.
Mental healthcare is a neglected need in India
An estimated 12% of Indians suffer from clinical depression[1].
In August 2014, the world was shocked when Hollywood comedian Robin
Williams committed suicide after battling severe depression for
years[2]. About a year earlier, Bollywood actress Jiah Khan allegedly
committed suicide, depressed over her career and relationship[3].
Many other Indian celebrities have fought depression and emerged strong
– the most recent case being that of actress Deepika Padukone, who
shared the story of her battle with depression in an interview to TV channel NDTV in March 2015
Another
psychological disorder that affects many Indians today is Bipolar Mood
Disorder. It is estimated that 1% of Indians suffer from severe cases of
bipolar disorder, and 5-6% may be suffering from milder forms of the
illness[4].
It is not only the affluent class in India, who are
prone to depression and bipolar disorder. In an overview of Indian
research in depression, it was found that depression is more common in
people from poor economic background and with poor nutritional status[5].
With
the prevalence of mental disorders like depression and bipolar disorder
being high, India also has a high requirement of trained
psychotherapists. However, it is estimated that there is a shortfall of
8500 psychiatrists, 6750 psychologists and 22600 psychiatric social
workers in India[6].
While the affluent can access and afford
psychiatrists and psychologists for one-to-one therapy, those from
low-income families not only have difficulty in accessing mental
healthcare, they also cannot afford expensive psychotherapy sessions.
The result is that many Indians suffering from depression and bipolar
disorder never undergo treatment, while those with more severe mental
illnesses such as schizophrenia end up in one of the frightful mental
hospitals in the country or approach traditional ‘healers’, where they
are often ill-treated, physically abused and tortured[7]. Making mental healthcare affordable: therapeutic communities
Therapeutic
communities are structured treatment programmes for the mentally ill,
where the relationships, structure of the day and different activities
are deliberately designed to help in the treatment of the community
members[8]. The group relations and the community itself, rather than any single element, form the primary therapeutic agent[9].
Trained therapist(s) act as facilitators to plan and move through the
activities each day and to provide specialised support to any of the
members as per requirement. [Source: Haigh, Rex (2013): The quintessence of a therapeutic environment]
In
India, the oldest therapeutic community (TC) centre – the Athma Shakti
Vidyalaya (ASV) – was established in Bangalore in the year 1979 by
Father Hank Nunn SJ, a Canadian Jesuit priest. In 2013, Father Hank
Nunn’s contribution was recognised by the Times of India, as he was
adjudged one of the finalists of The Bangalore Mirror’s “Bangalore
Heroes”[10]. Father Hank Nunn continues to be a part of Athma Shakti
Vidyalaya and is respectfully known as “Dad” of all the members of ASV.
The
Hank Nunn Institute (HNI), named after Father Hank Nunn, has been
established by Anando Chatterji and Shama Parkhe. Anando is a Philosophy
graduate, has been trained as a psychotherapist and worked at ASV for
over a decade. Shama holds a Masters Degree in Clinical Psychology from
Christ University, Bangalore and works as Clinical Director of HNI,
Bangalore.
HNI is the first initiative to take the TC model of
treatment to rural areas of India, and Anando and Shama have set up
treatment centres in Uttarahalli, Off Bannerghata Road, Bangalore and in
Dharwad, Karnataka. Our projects are a mix of Day TCs (where members
come from home in the morning and go back at the end of day) and
fully-residential TCs.
The Uttarahalli project, which is a Day TC,
has been running since May 2015 and currently has five members under
treatment. The members – four young boys and one girl – are from
different parts of India and suffer from a wide range of mental
disorders including schizophrenia, mild autism, personality disorder and
bipolar disorder. We charge only a nominal amount, 10% of the costs,
from the members who are undergoing treatment at the centre, and the
Uttarahalli project is run with support from the trustees of HNI and
other private donors.
For the Dharwad project, a trained
psychotherapist has already been identified. We plan to set up two other
centres – one in Penukonda, Andhra Pradesh and another in HD Kote,
Karnataka. This initial crowdfunding project is to help setup the
Penukonda project. HNI Penukonda Therapeutic Community: India’s first rural therapeutic community
HNI
has partnered with Stree Sanghshema Trust (SST), a local NGO to set up
the Penukonda project. SST was set up in 1987 by Chandra Kanjilal, a
dynamic single lady who moved from Delhi to Penukonda to work for
empowerment of rural women. The NGO has been running successfully for
more than 25 years, training women from 20 villages in Anantpur district
on financial literacy and helping them financially by manufacturing and
selling cards, herbal soaps and medicines and organic products and by
renting out the 5 acre training centre owned by the NGO. In
collaboration with SST, we now plan to set up India’s first rural
therapeutic community centre at the SST training centre, catering to the
villages in and around Anantpur district of Andhra Pradesh. The SST
farmhouse in Penukonda is located at a distance of 142kms from
Bangalore.
In September 2015, we had organised a three-day
workshop on therapeutic communities at the SST farmhouse for students of
Psychology Department, Christ University, Bangalore. The building needs
repairs and electrical work, for which we plan to organise another
three-day residential programme at the farmhouse, taking 20 volunteers
from Bangalore. These 20 volunteers will be given a brief immersion into
the therapeutic community experience and will also be involved in
carrying out the repair and restoration work.
Glimpses of the workshop for Christ University students conducted by HNI at the SST campus, Penukonda, Andhra Pradesh
The
total estimated cost of repairs and restoration of the SST building and
to establish the therapeutic community by January 2016 is Rs 400,000,
of which HNI has already raised Rs 200,000 privately. This crowdfunding
campaign is to raise the remaining half of the requirement.
The SST building, showing some of the repair and reconstruction work required
The
cost estimate includes the cost of travel and food for 20 volunteers
for the three-day immersion workshop. This is estimated to be 16% of
the total budget. The cost of hiring a plumber, electrician and
carpenter for three days is another 15% of the total budget. The
remaining 70% of the budget is for fixtures and materials to be
purchased.
We hope that with your support, we can set up India’s
first affordable rural residential therapeutic community centre at
Penakonda, Andhra Pradesh and help us take a step towards a new model of
affordable healthcare for the mentally ill in India.
_________________________________________
[1]
Source:
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/cover-story-increasing-depression-terrible-secret-among-youngstars-ignorance/1/419877.html
[2] Source: http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/robin-williams-autopsy-confirms-death-746194
[3] Source: http://www.thehealthsite.com/diseases-conditions/i-am-broken-inside-lessons-from-jiah-khans-death-and-suicide-note/
[4] Source: http://www.telegraphindia.com/1120916/jsp/7days/story_15982265.jsp#.VhFcRHqqqko
[5] Grover et al
(2010): An overview of Indian research in depression: Indian Journal of
Psychiatry: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3146226/
[6]
Source:
http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/cover-story-increasing-depression-terrible-secret-among-youngstars-ignorance/1/419877.html
[7]
Source:
http://www.dw.com/en/mentally-ill-suffer-a-horrible-fate-in-india/a-17007499
and
http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/harsh-conditions-found-in-indian-mental-health-facilities-for-women-708087
[8] Source: http://www.therapeuticcommunities.org/what-is-a-tc/
[9] Source: http://www.therapeuticcommunities.org/definitions/
[10] Read the report here: http://www.bangaloremirror.com/heroesshow/25601968.cms
